The Diocese of Hanyang is a suffragan diocese of the Archdiocese of Hankow. Its cathedral—the Cathedral of St. Columban, is based in Hanyang city.
Hanyang was established as an Apostolic Prefecture on December 12, 1923, having detached from the Apostolic Vicariate of Eastern Hupeh. It was promoted to an Apostolic Vicariate on July 14, 1927, and was later promoted to a Diocese on April 11, 1946.